{"id":2596,"date":"2020-07-15T16:13:48","date_gmt":"2020-07-15T14:13:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/?p=2596"},"modified":"2024-06-21T16:21:33","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T14:21:33","slug":"life-cycle-assessment-how-to-measure-pet-food-environmental-impact","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/en\/life-cycle-assessment-how-to-measure-pet-food-environmental-impact\/","title":{"rendered":"Life cycle assessment:<br> How to measure pet food environmental impact"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"intro\">Life Cycle Assessment is a standardized method to evaluate the impact of a product on the environment during its whole life. From the identification of the impacts to the calculation of an environmental score, this complete analysis enables manufacturers to develop pet foods that meet pet parents\u2019 desire for sustainability.<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"intro\">\u201c85% of French pet owners say they are interested in the environmental score of the pet food they buy*!\u201d<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Like many consumers, pet owners are increasingly concerned about sustainability. They particularly care about the provenance and environmental impact of pet food products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pet food manufacturers committed to meeting consumer ethical expectations must not only limit the effects generated by the manufacturing process but also control the environmental impact of their products from the extraction of raw materials to the end-of-life of the packaging.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Life Cycle Assessment is THE tool to identify and measure all of a product\u2019s environmental impacts, from beginning to end.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It enables calculation of footprint profiles and scores that can be used to compare pet food products based on their environmental sustainability.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Applicable to all types of products, Life Cycle Assessment is an essential starting point to address environmental issues and build a relevant sustainable policy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>What is Life Cycle Assessment? How is Life Cycle Assessment performed for pet food? <\/strong><strong>Follow the guidelines!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>*Yummypets, 225 french pet owners , Survey 2019<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Life Cycle Assessment: a normalized method to measure product impact on the environment<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_what_is_LCA_side_image_v4.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-2712\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_what_is_LCA_side_image_v4-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_what_is_LCA_side_image_v4-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_what_is_LCA_side_image_v4-200x200.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>A Life Cycle Assessment aims to evaluate the <strong>environmental impacts<\/strong> of a product or a service. This is a normalized method, described in the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 norms.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Using <strong>mathematical models<\/strong>, Life Cycle Assessment can ultimately lead to calculation of an <strong>environmental score<\/strong>\u00a0that can be used to compare the sustainability performance of several products having the same functionality.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>What makes Life Cycle Assessment a unique tool is that it studies environmental impact \u201c<strong>from the cradle to the grave.<\/strong>\u201d Besides effects generated during manufacturing, the Life Cycle Assessment method considers product impacts on the environment during its entire existence, from raw materials to disposal.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This is a broad and deep approach to sustainability.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>Life cycle assessment:<\/strong> Compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs, and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle (source: PEFCRs).<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Life Cycle Assessment in pet food: follow the Product Environmental Footprint guidelines<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_environmental_footprint_guideline_side_image_v2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2653 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_environmental_footprint_guideline_side_image_v2-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_environmental_footprint_guideline_side_image_v2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_environmental_footprint_guideline_side_image_v2-200x200.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Currently, no international organization is dedicated to pet food sustainability. However, the <strong>Product Environmental Footprint<\/strong> (PEF) group, part of the European Commission, is working on environmental guidelines based on the Life Cycle Assessment approach for many product categories.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The organization gathers several working groups from around 20 sectors such as automobile, drinks, textiles, and pet food.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Leaded by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fediaf.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FEDIAF<\/a>, the pet food working group is composed of key international, European, and national participants from the pet food industry.<\/p>\n<p>In 2018 they published a document that provides detailed and comprehensive technical guidance on how to conduct a Life Cycle Assessment study in pet food: the <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/eussd\/smgp\/pdf\/PEFCR_guidance_v6.3.pdf\">Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCRs)<\/a> for prepared pet food for cats and dogs.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This guide is a helpful and practical reference for pet food manufacturers who want to dig deeper into the environmental impacts of their products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Pet food Life Cycle Assessment step by step<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pet food manufacturers wishing to evaluate the environmental performance of their products using Life Cycle Assessment must know upfront: the process might be long and complex. But it\u2019s worth it!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Below is an overview of the main steps to follow according to the ISO norms and the PEFCRs guide.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_main-steps_2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2651\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_main-steps_2.jpg\" alt=\"Main steps of the Life Cycle Assessment\" width=\"610\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_main-steps_2.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_main-steps_2-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_main-steps_2-350x149.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Ask for help<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The first thing to do before conducting a Life Cycle Assessment is probably to ask for help\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To successfully conduct a precise environmental study without getting lost in the multiple flows and impacts evaluation, consulting is more than recommended; it\u2019s indispensable.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Life Cycle Assessment specialists bring a methodology and databases. They can assist manufacturers in the following ways:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>auditing the product\u2019s manufacturing process<\/li>\n<li>defining the product\u2019s life cycles**<\/li>\n<li>inventorying the flows between the product and the environment<\/li>\n<li>quantifying the impacts of these flows<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>**Consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to final disposal (source: PEFCRs).<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Goal and scope, set the scene<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There are many good reasons to conduct a Life Cycle Assessment.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Life Cycle Assessment may be done to determine or communicate the environmental score of a product, to compare the environmental impact of different products, or to initiate an eco-design approach.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It is thus essential to define the goal of the study in order to select the products and the life stages that will be assessed for sustainability.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #e03c00; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Choose the products, define the function<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_selection_v2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2633\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_selection_v2.jpg\" alt=\"One of the main goals of Life Cycle Assessment is to compare the environmental sustainability of several pet food products. \" width=\"610\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_selection_v2.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_selection_v2-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_product_selection_v2-350x149.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>One of the main goals of Life Cycle Assessment is to compare the environmental sustainability of several pet food products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>However, to make relevant comparisons, it is necessary to select products with the same function and to define the quantity of each product necessary to perform the function.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>PEFCRs defines pet food <strong>function<\/strong> as \u201ccomplete meals to satisfy the daily nutritional requirements of a cat or dog\u201d and the <strong>functional unit**<\/strong> as \u201cdaily ration of prepared pet food to a cat or dog\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pet food manufacturers must base comparisons on daily rations to evaluate the environmental performance of different formulas of wet cat food, for instance, or even compare the environmental score of a wet and a dry cat food.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>***The functional unit (FU) defines the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the function(s) and\/or service(s) provided by the product being evaluated (source: PEFCRs).<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #e03c00;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Identify product life stages, build the \u201ccycle\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_life_cycle_v2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2635\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_life_cycle_v2.jpg\" alt=\"Once products and functions have been defined, the next step is to identify the elementary stages of the product\u2019s life. \" width=\"610\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_life_cycle_v2.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_life_cycle_v2-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_life_cycle_v2-350x149.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Once products and functions have been defined, the next step is to identify the <strong>elementary stages<\/strong> of the product\u2019s life.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This allows creation of the <strong>product life cycle<\/strong>, the basis of the Life Cycle Assessment.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>According to the PEFCRs guide, pet food life cycle should include the following:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ingredients<\/strong> production<\/li>\n<li><strong>Packaging production<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Product <strong>Manufacturing<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Product <strong>Distribution<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Product<strong> Use<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Packaging end of life<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Below is an example of what a pet food life cycle could look like.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_summary-v2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2627\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_summary-v2.jpg\" alt=\"Example of a pet food life cycle\" width=\"610\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_summary-v2.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_summary-v2-300x270.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_summary-v2-350x316.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Inventory analysis: find the flows<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_identification_v2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2637\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_identification_v2.jpg\" alt=\"The Life Cycle Inventory analysis lists all the flows from and to nature for the product, during its whole life.\" width=\"610\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_identification_v2.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_identification_v2-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3_DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_identification_v2-350x149.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Once the life cycle has been built, it is time to identify the exchanges that occur between the environment and the product.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The Life Cycle Inventory analysis lists all the <strong>flows from and to nature for the product<\/strong>, during its whole life. It includes 2 kinds of flows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the <strong>economical<\/strong> flows that comprise matter, energy, or services exchanged with other <strong>external systems<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>the <strong>elementary flows***<\/strong> that comprise raw materials, emissions, or wastes that are exchanged with the <strong>ecosphere<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This crucial step must be as exhaustive as possible to obtain the most accurate image of the product\u2019s interactions with its environment.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>****Material or energy entering the system being studied that has been drawn from the environment without previous human transformation, or material or energy leaving the system being studied that is released into the environment without subsequent human transformation (source: PEFCRs).<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Impact assessment: from flow \u2026 to print\u2026 to score<a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_impact_assessment.jpg\"><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2647\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_impact_assessment.jpg\" alt=\"The final part of a Life Cycle Assessment measures the real effects of the flows on the environment. \" width=\"610\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_impact_assessment.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_impact_assessment-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_flows_impact_assessment-350x149.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The final part of a Life Cycle Assessment measures the real effects of the flows on the environment.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>With the use of mathematical models, each identified flow is converted to a <strong>quantifiable impact<\/strong> on the environment.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Approximately 30 types of impacts are considered to produce more or less fundamental effects on the eco-system. According to the pet food working group, <strong>16 impacts categories are applicable to pet food products<\/strong>. They include <strong>climate change, ozone depletion, and water use<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The measurement of each impact leads to the creation of a <strong>Product Environmental Footprint<\/strong> <strong>profile<\/strong> that reflects the traces left by the product during its whole life.<br \/>\nThe calculated values of impacts can finally be normalized &#8211; to erase differences of units &#8211; weighted according to their relative importance, and aggregated, to calculate a <strong>product environmental score<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This score is an easy and quick way to compare pet food products based on their environmental sustainability.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Eco design, the logical outcome of Life Cycle Assessment<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_eco_design_side_image.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-2645\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_eco_design_side_image-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Eco-design is a proactive approach \" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_eco_design_side_image-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_eco_design_side_image-200x200.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Besides providing a snapshot of the environmental footprint of a product, Life Cycle Assessment can also mark the beginning of a new sustainable journey for pet food manufacturers.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This analysis can be the foundation for building an adapted sustainable strategy. Indeed, the pet food working group advises manufacturers wishing to improve sustainability of their products to focus on life cycle stages that have <strong>the greatest impact on the environment<\/strong> and on which <strong>they have a higher level of influence<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Life Cycle Assessment shows, for instance, that on average, <strong>80% of pet food environmental impact comes from raw materials and ingredients<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Eco-design is thus one of the actions that can efficiently be put in place to optimize sourcing and improve the environmental sustainability of pet food products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Eco-design is a proactive approach<\/strong> that consists of formulating pet food using resources with less environmental impact.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Conceiving a product with the desire of lowering its environmental effects all along its value chain is a step ahead from continuous improvement programs aiming at decreasing utilities consumption or reducing waste, for example.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s a radical change of mindset, but it\u2019s part of the future!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DPF_blog_csr_life_cycle_assessment_infographics_v5.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/From-Life-Cycle-assessment-to-environmental-score.jpg\" alt=\"From Life Cycle Assessment to Environmental Score\" width=\"610\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/From-Life-Cycle-assessment-to-environmental-score.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/From-Life-Cycle-assessment-to-environmental-score-300x252.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.appetizerblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/From-Life-Cycle-assessment-to-environmental-score-350x294.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>Acronyms &amp; Abbreviations<\/h5>\n<h5>LCA: Life Cycle Assessment<br \/>\nPEF: Product Environmental Footprint<br \/>\nPEFCRs: Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From life cycle assessment to environmental score, discover how to measure the sustainability of your pet food!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[276],"tags":[278,280,279,109,135],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.8 - 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